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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>List Objects — Python 2.7.16 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/classic.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 2.7.16 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="next" title="Dictionary Objects" href="dict.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="Tuple Objects" href="tuple.html" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/2/c-api/list.html" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> </head><body> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="dict.html" title="Dictionary Objects" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="tuple.html" title="Tuple Objects" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.16 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python/C API Reference Manual</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="concrete.html" accesskey="U">Concrete Objects Layer</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <div class="section" id="list-objects"> <span id="listobjects"></span><h1>List Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#list-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><dl class="type"> <dt id="c.PyListObject"> <code class="descname">PyListObject</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyListObject" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This subtype of <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyObject</span></code></a> represents a Python list object.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="var"> <dt id="c.PyList_Type"> <a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject">PyTypeObject</a> <code class="descname">PyList_Type</code><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_Type" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This instance of <a class="reference internal" href="type.html#c.PyTypeObject" title="PyTypeObject"><code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyTypeObject</span></code></a> represents the Python list type. This is the same object as <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list</span></code> in the Python layer.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_Check"> int <code class="descname">PyList_Check</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *p</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_Check" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return true if <em>p</em> is a list object or an instance of a subtype of the list type.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.2: </span>Allowed subtypes to be accepted.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_CheckExact"> int <code class="descname">PyList_CheckExact</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *p</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_CheckExact" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return true if <em>p</em> is a list object, but not an instance of a subtype of the list type.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.2.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_New"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>* <code class="descname">PyList_New</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span>Py_ssize_t<em> len</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_New" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Return a new list of length <em>len</em> on success, or <em>NULL</em> on failure.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">If <em>len</em> is greater than zero, the returned list object’s items are set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NULL</span></code>. Thus you cannot use abstract API functions such as <a class="reference internal" href="sequence.html#c.PySequence_SetItem" title="PySequence_SetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PySequence_SetItem()</span></code></a> or expose the object to Python code before setting all items to a real object with <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyList_SetItem" title="PyList_SetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_SetItem()</span></code></a>.</p> </div> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This function used an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> for <em>size</em>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_Size"> Py_ssize_t <code class="descname">PyList_Size</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_Size" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p id="index-1">Return the length of the list object in <em>list</em>; this is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">len(list)</span></code> on a list object.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This function returned an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_GET_SIZE"> Py_ssize_t <code class="descname">PyList_GET_SIZE</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_GET_SIZE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Macro form of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyList_Size" title="PyList_Size"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_Size()</span></code></a> without error checking.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This macro returned an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_GetItem"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>* <code class="descname">PyList_GetItem</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> index</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_GetItem" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><p>Return the object at position <em>index</em> in the list pointed to by <em>list</em>. The position must be positive, indexing from the end of the list is not supported. If <em>index</em> is out of bounds, return <em>NULL</em> and set an <a class="reference internal" href="../library/exceptions.html#exceptions.IndexError" title="exceptions.IndexError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IndexError</span></code></a> exception.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This function used an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> for <em>index</em>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_GET_ITEM"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>* <code class="descname">PyList_GET_ITEM</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> i</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_GET_ITEM" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: Borrowed reference.</em><p>Macro form of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyList_GetItem" title="PyList_GetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_GetItem()</span></code></a> without error checking.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This macro used an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> for <em>i</em>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_SetItem"> int <code class="descname">PyList_SetItem</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> index</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *item</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_SetItem" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set the item at index <em>index</em> in list to <em>item</em>. Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> on success or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> on failure.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">This function “steals” a reference to <em>item</em> and discards a reference to an item already in the list at the affected position.</p> </div> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This function used an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> for <em>index</em>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_SET_ITEM"> void <code class="descname">PyList_SET_ITEM</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> i</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *o</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_SET_ITEM" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Macro form of <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyList_SetItem" title="PyList_SetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_SetItem()</span></code></a> without error checking. This is normally only used to fill in new lists where there is no previous content.</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">This macro “steals” a reference to <em>item</em>, and, unlike <a class="reference internal" href="#c.PyList_SetItem" title="PyList_SetItem"><code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PyList_SetItem()</span></code></a>, does <em>not</em> discard a reference to any item that it being replaced; any reference in <em>list</em> at position <em>i</em> will be leaked.</p> </div> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This macro used an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> for <em>i</em>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_Insert"> int <code class="descname">PyList_Insert</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> index</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *item</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_Insert" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Insert the item <em>item</em> into list <em>list</em> in front of index <em>index</em>. Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> if successful; return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> and set an exception if unsuccessful. Analogous to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list.insert(index,</span> <span class="pre">item)</span></code>.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This function used an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> for <em>index</em>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_Append"> int <code class="descname">PyList_Append</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *item</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_Append" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Append the object <em>item</em> at the end of list <em>list</em>. Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> if successful; return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> and set an exception if unsuccessful. Analogous to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list.append(item)</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_GetSlice"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>* <code class="descname">PyList_GetSlice</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> low</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> high</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_GetSlice" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: New reference.</em><p>Return a list of the objects in <em>list</em> containing the objects <em>between</em> <em>low</em> and <em>high</em>. Return <em>NULL</em> and set an exception if unsuccessful. Analogous to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list[low:high]</span></code>. Negative indices, as when slicing from Python, are not supported.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This function used an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> for <em>low</em> and <em>high</em>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_SetSlice"> int <code class="descname">PyList_SetSlice</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> low</em>, Py_ssize_t<em> high</em>, <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *itemlist</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_SetSlice" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set the slice of <em>list</em> between <em>low</em> and <em>high</em> to the contents of <em>itemlist</em>. Analogous to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list[low:high]</span> <span class="pre">=</span> <span class="pre">itemlist</span></code>. The <em>itemlist</em> may be <em>NULL</em>, indicating the assignment of an empty list (slice deletion). Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> on success, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> on failure. Negative indices, as when slicing from Python, are not supported.</p> <div class="versionchanged"> <p><span class="versionmodified">Changed in version 2.5: </span>This function used an <code class="xref c c-type docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code> for <em>low</em> and <em>high</em>. This might require changes in your code for properly supporting 64-bit systems.</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_Sort"> int <code class="descname">PyList_Sort</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_Sort" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Sort the items of <em>list</em> in place. Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> on success, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> on failure. This is equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list.sort()</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_Reverse"> int <code class="descname">PyList_Reverse</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_Reverse" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Reverse the items of <em>list</em> in place. Return <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> on success, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-1</span></code> on failure. This is the equivalent of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">list.reverse()</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="c.PyList_AsTuple"> <a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a>* <code class="descname">PyList_AsTuple</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><a class="reference internal" href="structures.html#c.PyObject" title="PyObject">PyObject</a><em> *list</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#c.PyList_AsTuple" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><em class="refcount">Return value: New reference.</em><p id="index-2">Return a new tuple object containing the contents of <em>list</em>; equivalent to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tuple(list)</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="tuple.html" title="previous chapter">Tuple Objects</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="dict.html" title="next chapter">Dictionary Objects</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../_sources/c-api/list.rst.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <div class="searchformwrapper"> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="dict.html" title="Dictionary Objects" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="tuple.html" title="Tuple Objects" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.16 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python/C API Reference Manual</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="concrete.html" >Concrete Objects Layer</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer"> © <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 1990-2019, Python Software Foundation. <br /> The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a> <br /> Last updated on Mar 27, 2019. <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>? <br /> Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.7.6. </div> </body> </html>