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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>19.8. xml.dom — The Document Object Model API — Python 2.7.16 documentation</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/classic.css" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Search within Python 2.7.16 documentation" href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/> <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" /> <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" /> <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" /> <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" /> <link rel="next" title="19.9. xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation" href="xml.dom.minidom.html" /> <link rel="prev" title="19.7. xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API" href="xml.etree.elementtree.html" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/xml.dom.html" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script> </head><body> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" accesskey="I">index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="xml.dom.minidom.html" title="19.9. xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation" accesskey="N">next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="xml.etree.elementtree.html" title="19.7. xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API" accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.16 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="markup.html" accesskey="U">19. Structured Markup Processing Tools</a> »</li> </ul> </div> <div class="document"> <div class="documentwrapper"> <div class="bodywrapper"> <div class="body" role="main"> <div class="section" id="module-xml.dom"> <span id="xml-dom-the-document-object-model-api"></span><h1>19.8. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-xml.dom" title="xml.dom: Document Object Model API for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.dom</span></code></a> — The Document Object Model API<a class="headerlink" href="#module-xml.dom" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.0.</span></p> </div> <p>The Document Object Model, or “DOM,” is a cross-language API from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) for accessing and modifying XML documents. A DOM implementation presents an XML document as a tree structure, or allows client code to build such a structure from scratch. It then gives access to the structure through a set of objects which provided well-known interfaces.</p> <p>The DOM is extremely useful for random-access applications. SAX only allows you a view of one bit of the document at a time. If you are looking at one SAX element, you have no access to another. If you are looking at a text node, you have no access to a containing element. When you write a SAX application, you need to keep track of your program’s position in the document somewhere in your own code. SAX does not do it for you. Also, if you need to look ahead in the XML document, you are just out of luck.</p> <p>Some applications are simply impossible in an event driven model with no access to a tree. Of course you could build some sort of tree yourself in SAX events, but the DOM allows you to avoid writing that code. The DOM is a standard tree representation for XML data.</p> <p>The Document Object Model is being defined by the W3C in stages, or “levels” in their terminology. The Python mapping of the API is substantially based on the DOM Level 2 recommendation.</p> <p>DOM applications typically start by parsing some XML into a DOM. How this is accomplished is not covered at all by DOM Level 1, and Level 2 provides only limited improvements: There is a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMImplementation</span></code> object class which provides access to <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> creation methods, but no way to access an XML reader/parser/Document builder in an implementation-independent way. There is also no well-defined way to access these methods without an existing <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> object. In Python, each DOM implementation will provide a function <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.getDOMImplementation" title="xml.dom.getDOMImplementation"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getDOMImplementation()</span></code></a>. DOM Level 3 adds a Load/Store specification, which defines an interface to the reader, but this is not yet available in the Python standard library.</p> <p>Once you have a DOM document object, you can access the parts of your XML document through its properties and methods. These properties are defined in the DOM specification; this portion of the reference manual describes the interpretation of the specification in Python.</p> <p>The specification provided by the W3C defines the DOM API for Java, ECMAScript, and OMG IDL. The Python mapping defined here is based in large part on the IDL version of the specification, but strict compliance is not required (though implementations are free to support the strict mapping from IDL). See section <a class="reference internal" href="#dom-conformance"><span class="std std-ref">Conformance</span></a> for a detailed discussion of mapping requirements.</p> <div class="admonition seealso"> <p class="first admonition-title">See also</p> <dl class="last docutils"> <dt><a class="reference external" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core/">Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Specification</a></dt> <dd>The W3C recommendation upon which the Python DOM API is based.</dd> <dt><a class="reference external" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-DOM-Level-1/">Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Specification</a></dt> <dd>The W3C recommendation for the DOM supported by <a class="reference internal" href="xml.dom.minidom.html#module-xml.dom.minidom" title="xml.dom.minidom: Minimal Document Object Model (DOM) implementation."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.dom.minidom</span></code></a>.</dd> <dt><a class="reference external" href="http://www.omg.org/spec/PYTH/1.2/PDF">Python Language Mapping Specification</a></dt> <dd>This specifies the mapping from OMG IDL to Python.</dd> </dl> </div> <div class="section" id="module-contents"> <h2>19.8.1. Module Contents<a class="headerlink" href="#module-contents" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-xml.dom" title="xml.dom: Document Object Model API for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.dom</span></code></a> contains the following functions:</p> <dl class="function"> <dt id="xml.dom.registerDOMImplementation"> <code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">registerDOMImplementation</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em>, <em>factory</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.registerDOMImplementation" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Register the <em>factory</em> function with the name <em>name</em>. The factory function should return an object which implements the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMImplementation</span></code> interface. The factory function can return the same object every time, or a new one for each call, as appropriate for the specific implementation (e.g. if that implementation supports some customization).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="function"> <dt id="xml.dom.getDOMImplementation"> <code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">getDOMImplementation</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="optional">[</span><em>name</em><span class="optional">[</span>, <em>features</em><span class="optional">]</span><span class="optional">]</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.getDOMImplementation" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a suitable DOM implementation. The <em>name</em> is either well-known, the module name of a DOM implementation, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. If it is not <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>, imports the corresponding module and returns a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMImplementation</span></code> object if the import succeeds. If no name is given, and if the environment variable <span class="target" id="index-0"></span><code class="xref std std-envvar docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PYTHON_DOM</span></code> is set, this variable is used to find the implementation.</p> <p>If name is not given, this examines the available implementations to find one with the required feature set. If no implementation can be found, raise an <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#exceptions.ImportError" title="exceptions.ImportError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ImportError</span></code></a>. The features list must be a sequence of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">(feature,</span> <span class="pre">version)</span></code> pairs which are passed to the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">hasFeature()</span></code> method on available <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMImplementation</span></code> objects.</p> </dd></dl> <p>Some convenience constants are also provided:</p> <dl class="data"> <dt id="xml.dom.EMPTY_NAMESPACE"> <code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">EMPTY_NAMESPACE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.EMPTY_NAMESPACE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The value used to indicate that no namespace is associated with a node in the DOM. This is typically found as the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">namespaceURI</span></code> of a node, or used as the <em>namespaceURI</em> parameter to a namespaces-specific method.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.2.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="data"> <dt id="xml.dom.XML_NAMESPACE"> <code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">XML_NAMESPACE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.XML_NAMESPACE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The namespace URI associated with the reserved prefix <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml</span></code>, as defined by <a class="reference external" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/">Namespaces in XML</a> (section 4).</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.2.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="data"> <dt id="xml.dom.XMLNS_NAMESPACE"> <code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">XMLNS_NAMESPACE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.XMLNS_NAMESPACE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The namespace URI for namespace declarations, as defined by <a class="reference external" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/DOM-Level-2-Core/core.html">Document Object Model (DOM) Level 2 Core Specification</a> (section 1.1.8).</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.2.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="data"> <dt id="xml.dom.XHTML_NAMESPACE"> <code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">XHTML_NAMESPACE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.XHTML_NAMESPACE" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The URI of the XHTML namespace as defined by <a class="reference external" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/">XHTML 1.0: The Extensible HyperText Markup Language</a> (section 3.1.1).</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.2.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <p>In addition, <a class="reference internal" href="#module-xml.dom" title="xml.dom: Document Object Model API for Python."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.dom</span></code></a> contains a base <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> class and the DOM exception classes. The <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> class provided by this module does not implement any of the methods or attributes defined by the DOM specification; concrete DOM implementations must provide those. The <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> class provided as part of this module does provide the constants used for the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nodeType</span></code> attribute on concrete <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> objects; they are located within the class rather than at the module level to conform with the DOM specifications.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="objects-in-the-dom"> <span id="dom-objects"></span><h2>19.8.2. Objects in the DOM<a class="headerlink" href="#objects-in-the-dom" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>The definitive documentation for the DOM is the DOM specification from the W3C.</p> <p>Note that DOM attributes may also be manipulated as nodes instead of as simple strings. It is fairly rare that you must do this, however, so this usage is not yet documented.</p> <table border="1" class="docutils"> <colgroup> <col width="32%" /> <col width="35%" /> <col width="33%" /> </colgroup> <thead valign="bottom"> <tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Interface</th> <th class="head">Section</th> <th class="head">Purpose</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMImplementation</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-implementation-objects"><span class="std std-ref">DOMImplementation Objects</span></a></td> <td>Interface to the underlying implementation.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-node-objects"><span class="std std-ref">Node Objects</span></a></td> <td>Base interface for most objects in a document.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NodeList</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-nodelist-objects"><span class="std std-ref">NodeList Objects</span></a></td> <td>Interface for a sequence of nodes.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocumentType</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-documenttype-objects"><span class="std std-ref">DocumentType Objects</span></a></td> <td>Information about the declarations needed to process a document.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-document-objects"><span class="std std-ref">Document Objects</span></a></td> <td>Object which represents an entire document.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-element-objects"><span class="std std-ref">Element Objects</span></a></td> <td>Element nodes in the document hierarchy.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Attr</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-attr-objects"><span class="std std-ref">Attr Objects</span></a></td> <td>Attribute value nodes on element nodes.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Comment</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-comment-objects"><span class="std std-ref">Comment Objects</span></a></td> <td>Representation of comments in the source document.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-text-objects"><span class="std std-ref">Text and CDATASection Objects</span></a></td> <td>Nodes containing textual content from the document.</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ProcessingInstruction</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#dom-pi-objects"><span class="std std-ref">ProcessingInstruction Objects</span></a></td> <td>Processing instruction representation.</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>An additional section describes the exceptions defined for working with the DOM in Python.</p> <div class="section" id="domimplementation-objects"> <span id="dom-implementation-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.1. DOMImplementation Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#domimplementation-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMImplementation</span></code> interface provides a way for applications to determine the availability of particular features in the DOM they are using. DOM Level 2 added the ability to create new <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocumentType</span></code> objects using the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMImplementation</span></code> as well.</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.DOMImplementation.hasFeature"> <code class="descclassname">DOMImplementation.</code><code class="descname">hasFeature</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>feature</em>, <em>version</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DOMImplementation.hasFeature" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return true if the feature identified by the pair of strings <em>feature</em> and <em>version</em> is implemented.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.DOMImplementation.createDocument"> <code class="descclassname">DOMImplementation.</code><code class="descname">createDocument</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceUri</em>, <em>qualifiedName</em>, <em>doctype</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DOMImplementation.createDocument" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a new <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> object (the root of the DOM), with a child <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> object having the given <em>namespaceUri</em> and <em>qualifiedName</em>. The <em>doctype</em> must be a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocumentType</span></code> object created by <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.DOMImplementation.createDocumentType" title="xml.dom.DOMImplementation.createDocumentType"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">createDocumentType()</span></code></a>, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. In the Python DOM API, the first two arguments can also be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> in order to indicate that no <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> child is to be created.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.DOMImplementation.createDocumentType"> <code class="descclassname">DOMImplementation.</code><code class="descname">createDocumentType</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>qualifiedName</em>, <em>publicId</em>, <em>systemId</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DOMImplementation.createDocumentType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return a new <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocumentType</span></code> object that encapsulates the given <em>qualifiedName</em>, <em>publicId</em>, and <em>systemId</em> strings, representing the information contained in an XML document type declaration.</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="node-objects"> <span id="dom-node-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.2. Node Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#node-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>All of the components of an XML document are subclasses of <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code>.</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.nodeType"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">nodeType</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.nodeType" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>An integer representing the node type. Symbolic constants for the types are on the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> object: <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ELEMENT_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ATTRIBUTE_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TEXT_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CDATA_SECTION_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ENTITY_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">COMMENT_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOCUMENT_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE</span></code>, <code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NOTATION_NODE</span></code>. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.parentNode"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">parentNode</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.parentNode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The parent of the current node, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> for the document node. The value is always a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> object or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. For <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> nodes, this will be the parent element, except for the root element, in which case it will be the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> object. For <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Attr</span></code> nodes, this is always <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.attributes"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">attributes</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.attributes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>A <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamedNodeMap</span></code> of attribute objects. Only elements have actual values for this; others provide <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> for this attribute. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.previousSibling"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">previousSibling</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.previousSibling" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The node that immediately precedes this one with the same parent. For instance the element with an end-tag that comes just before the <em>self</em> element’s start-tag. Of course, XML documents are made up of more than just elements so the previous sibling could be text, a comment, or something else. If this node is the first child of the parent, this attribute will be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.nextSibling"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">nextSibling</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.nextSibling" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The node that immediately follows this one with the same parent. See also <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.Node.previousSibling" title="xml.dom.Node.previousSibling"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">previousSibling</span></code></a>. If this is the last child of the parent, this attribute will be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.childNodes"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">childNodes</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.childNodes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>A list of nodes contained within this node. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.firstChild"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">firstChild</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.firstChild" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The first child of the node, if there are any, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.lastChild"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">lastChild</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.lastChild" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The last child of the node, if there are any, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.localName"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">localName</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.localName" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The part of the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tagName</span></code> following the colon if there is one, else the entire <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tagName</span></code>. The value is a string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.prefix"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">prefix</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.prefix" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The part of the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tagName</span></code> preceding the colon if there is one, else the empty string. The value is a string, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.namespaceURI"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">namespaceURI</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.namespaceURI" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The namespace associated with the element name. This will be a string or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.nodeName"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">nodeName</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.nodeName" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This has a different meaning for each node type; see the DOM specification for details. You can always get the information you would get here from another property such as the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tagName</span></code> property for elements or the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code> property for attributes. For all node types, the value of this attribute will be either a string or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.nodeValue"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">nodeValue</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.nodeValue" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This has a different meaning for each node type; see the DOM specification for details. The situation is similar to that with <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.Node.nodeName" title="xml.dom.Node.nodeName"><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nodeName</span></code></a>. The value is a string or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.hasAttributes"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">hasAttributes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.hasAttributes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns true if the node has any attributes.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.hasChildNodes"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">hasChildNodes</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.hasChildNodes" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns true if the node has any child nodes.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.isSameNode"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">isSameNode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>other</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.isSameNode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns true if <em>other</em> refers to the same node as this node. This is especially useful for DOM implementations which use any sort of proxy architecture (because more than one object can refer to the same node).</p> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">This is based on a proposed DOM Level 3 API which is still in the “working draft” stage, but this particular interface appears uncontroversial. Changes from the W3C will not necessarily affect this method in the Python DOM interface (though any new W3C API for this would also be supported).</p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.appendChild"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">appendChild</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>newChild</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.appendChild" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Add a new child node to this node at the end of the list of children, returning <em>newChild</em>. If the node was already in the tree, it is removed first.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.insertBefore"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">insertBefore</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>newChild</em>, <em>refChild</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.insertBefore" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Insert a new child node before an existing child. It must be the case that <em>refChild</em> is a child of this node; if not, <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#exceptions.ValueError" title="exceptions.ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a> is raised. <em>newChild</em> is returned. If <em>refChild</em> is <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>, it inserts <em>newChild</em> at the end of the children’s list.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.removeChild"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">removeChild</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>oldChild</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.removeChild" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Remove a child node. <em>oldChild</em> must be a child of this node; if not, <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#exceptions.ValueError" title="exceptions.ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a> is raised. <em>oldChild</em> is returned on success. If <em>oldChild</em> will not be used further, its <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unlink()</span></code> method should be called.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.replaceChild"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">replaceChild</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>newChild</em>, <em>oldChild</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.replaceChild" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Replace an existing node with a new node. It must be the case that <em>oldChild</em> is a child of this node; if not, <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#exceptions.ValueError" title="exceptions.ValueError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ValueError</span></code></a> is raised.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.normalize"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">normalize</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.normalize" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Join adjacent text nodes so that all stretches of text are stored as single <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code> instances. This simplifies processing text from a DOM tree for many applications.</p> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.1.</span></p> </div> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Node.cloneNode"> <code class="descclassname">Node.</code><code class="descname">cloneNode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>deep</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Node.cloneNode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Clone this node. Setting <em>deep</em> means to clone all child nodes as well. This returns the clone.</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="nodelist-objects"> <span id="dom-nodelist-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.3. NodeList Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#nodelist-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>A <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NodeList</span></code> represents a sequence of nodes. These objects are used in two ways in the DOM Core recommendation: an <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> object provides one as its list of child nodes, and the <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getElementsByTagName()</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getElementsByTagNameNS()</span></code> methods of <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> return objects with this interface to represent query results.</p> <p>The DOM Level 2 recommendation defines one method and one attribute for these objects:</p> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.NodeList.item"> <code class="descclassname">NodeList.</code><code class="descname">item</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>i</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NodeList.item" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the <em>i</em>’th item from the sequence, if there is one, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. The index <em>i</em> is not allowed to be less than zero or greater than or equal to the length of the sequence.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.NodeList.length"> <code class="descclassname">NodeList.</code><code class="descname">length</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NodeList.length" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The number of nodes in the sequence.</p> </dd></dl> <p>In addition, the Python DOM interface requires that some additional support is provided to allow <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NodeList</span></code> objects to be used as Python sequences. All <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NodeList</span></code> implementations must include support for <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__len__" title="object.__len__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__len__()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__getitem__" title="object.__getitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__getitem__()</span></code></a>; this allows iteration over the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NodeList</span></code> in <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/compound_stmts.html#for"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">for</span></code></a> statements and proper support for the <a class="reference internal" href="functions.html#len" title="len"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">len()</span></code></a> built-in function.</p> <p>If a DOM implementation supports modification of the document, the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NodeList</span></code> implementation must also support the <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__setitem__" title="object.__setitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__setitem__()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../reference/datamodel.html#object.__delitem__" title="object.__delitem__"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__delitem__()</span></code></a> methods.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="documenttype-objects"> <span id="dom-documenttype-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.4. DocumentType Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#documenttype-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>Information about the notations and entities declared by a document (including the external subset if the parser uses it and can provide the information) is available from a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocumentType</span></code> object. The <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocumentType</span></code> for a document is available from the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> object’s <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doctype</span></code> attribute; if there is no <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOCTYPE</span></code> declaration for the document, the document’s <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">doctype</span></code> attribute will be set to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> instead of an instance of this interface.</p> <p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DocumentType</span></code> is a specialization of <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code>, and adds the following attributes:</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.DocumentType.publicId"> <code class="descclassname">DocumentType.</code><code class="descname">publicId</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DocumentType.publicId" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The public identifier for the external subset of the document type definition. This will be a string or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.DocumentType.systemId"> <code class="descclassname">DocumentType.</code><code class="descname">systemId</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DocumentType.systemId" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The system identifier for the external subset of the document type definition. This will be a URI as a string, or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.DocumentType.internalSubset"> <code class="descclassname">DocumentType.</code><code class="descname">internalSubset</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DocumentType.internalSubset" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>A string giving the complete internal subset from the document. This does not include the brackets which enclose the subset. If the document has no internal subset, this should be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.DocumentType.name"> <code class="descclassname">DocumentType.</code><code class="descname">name</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DocumentType.name" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The name of the root element as given in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOCTYPE</span></code> declaration, if present.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.DocumentType.entities"> <code class="descclassname">DocumentType.</code><code class="descname">entities</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DocumentType.entities" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This is a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamedNodeMap</span></code> giving the definitions of external entities. For entity names defined more than once, only the first definition is provided (others are ignored as required by the XML recommendation). This may be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> if the information is not provided by the parser, or if no entities are defined.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.DocumentType.notations"> <code class="descclassname">DocumentType.</code><code class="descname">notations</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DocumentType.notations" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This is a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamedNodeMap</span></code> giving the definitions of notations. For notation names defined more than once, only the first definition is provided (others are ignored as required by the XML recommendation). This may be <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code> if the information is not provided by the parser, or if no notations are defined.</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="document-objects"> <span id="dom-document-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.5. Document Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#document-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>A <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> represents an entire XML document, including its constituent elements, attributes, processing instructions, comments etc. Remember that it inherits properties from <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code>.</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.documentElement"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">documentElement</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.documentElement" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The one and only root element of the document.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.createElement"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">createElement</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>tagName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.createElement" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create and return a new element node. The element is not inserted into the document when it is created. You need to explicitly insert it with one of the other methods such as <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">insertBefore()</span></code> or <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">appendChild()</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.createElementNS"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">createElementNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>tagName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.createElementNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create and return a new element with a namespace. The <em>tagName</em> may have a prefix. The element is not inserted into the document when it is created. You need to explicitly insert it with one of the other methods such as <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">insertBefore()</span></code> or <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">appendChild()</span></code>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.createTextNode"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">createTextNode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>data</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.createTextNode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create and return a text node containing the data passed as a parameter. As with the other creation methods, this one does not insert the node into the tree.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.createComment"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">createComment</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>data</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.createComment" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create and return a comment node containing the data passed as a parameter. As with the other creation methods, this one does not insert the node into the tree.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.createProcessingInstruction"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">createProcessingInstruction</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>target</em>, <em>data</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.createProcessingInstruction" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create and return a processing instruction node containing the <em>target</em> and <em>data</em> passed as parameters. As with the other creation methods, this one does not insert the node into the tree.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.createAttribute"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">createAttribute</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.createAttribute" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create and return an attribute node. This method does not associate the attribute node with any particular element. You must use <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setAttributeNode()</span></code> on the appropriate <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> object to use the newly created attribute instance.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.createAttributeNS"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">createAttributeNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>qualifiedName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.createAttributeNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Create and return an attribute node with a namespace. The <em>tagName</em> may have a prefix. This method does not associate the attribute node with any particular element. You must use <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">setAttributeNode()</span></code> on the appropriate <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> object to use the newly created attribute instance.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.getElementsByTagName"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">getElementsByTagName</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>tagName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.getElementsByTagName" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Search for all descendants (direct children, children’s children, etc.) with a particular element type name.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Document.getElementsByTagNameNS"> <code class="descclassname">Document.</code><code class="descname">getElementsByTagNameNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>localName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Document.getElementsByTagNameNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Search for all descendants (direct children, children’s children, etc.) with a particular namespace URI and localname. The localname is the part of the namespace after the prefix.</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="element-objects"> <span id="dom-element-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.6. Element Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#element-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> is a subclass of <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code>, so inherits all the attributes of that class.</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.tagName"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">tagName</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.tagName" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The element type name. In a namespace-using document it may have colons in it. The value is a string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.getElementsByTagName"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">getElementsByTagName</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>tagName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.getElementsByTagName" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Same as equivalent method in the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> class.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.getElementsByTagNameNS"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">getElementsByTagNameNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>localName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.getElementsByTagNameNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Same as equivalent method in the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Document</span></code> class.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.hasAttribute"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">hasAttribute</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.hasAttribute" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns true if the element has an attribute named by <em>name</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.hasAttributeNS"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">hasAttributeNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>localName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.hasAttributeNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Returns true if the element has an attribute named by <em>namespaceURI</em> and <em>localName</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.getAttribute"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">getAttribute</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.getAttribute" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the value of the attribute named by <em>name</em> as a string. If no such attribute exists, an empty string is returned, as if the attribute had no value.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.getAttributeNode"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">getAttributeNode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>attrname</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.getAttributeNode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Attr</span></code> node for the attribute named by <em>attrname</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.getAttributeNS"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">getAttributeNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>localName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.getAttributeNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return the value of the attribute named by <em>namespaceURI</em> and <em>localName</em> as a string. If no such attribute exists, an empty string is returned, as if the attribute had no value.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.getAttributeNodeNS"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">getAttributeNodeNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>localName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.getAttributeNodeNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return an attribute value as a node, given a <em>namespaceURI</em> and <em>localName</em>.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.removeAttribute"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">removeAttribute</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.removeAttribute" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Remove an attribute by name. If there is no matching attribute, a <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.NotFoundErr" title="xml.dom.NotFoundErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotFoundErr</span></code></a> is raised.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.removeAttributeNode"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">removeAttributeNode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>oldAttr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.removeAttributeNode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Remove and return <em>oldAttr</em> from the attribute list, if present. If <em>oldAttr</em> is not present, <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.NotFoundErr" title="xml.dom.NotFoundErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotFoundErr</span></code></a> is raised.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.removeAttributeNS"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">removeAttributeNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>localName</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.removeAttributeNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Remove an attribute by name. Note that it uses a localName, not a qname. No exception is raised if there is no matching attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.setAttribute"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">setAttribute</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>name</em>, <em>value</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.setAttribute" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set an attribute value from a string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.setAttributeNode"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">setAttributeNode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>newAttr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.setAttributeNode" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Add a new attribute node to the element, replacing an existing attribute if necessary if the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">name</span></code> attribute matches. If a replacement occurs, the old attribute node will be returned. If <em>newAttr</em> is already in use, <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.InuseAttributeErr" title="xml.dom.InuseAttributeErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">InuseAttributeErr</span></code></a> will be raised.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.setAttributeNodeNS"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">setAttributeNodeNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>newAttr</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.setAttributeNodeNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Add a new attribute node to the element, replacing an existing attribute if necessary if the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">namespaceURI</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">localName</span></code> attributes match. If a replacement occurs, the old attribute node will be returned. If <em>newAttr</em> is already in use, <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.InuseAttributeErr" title="xml.dom.InuseAttributeErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">InuseAttributeErr</span></code></a> will be raised.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.Element.setAttributeNS"> <code class="descclassname">Element.</code><code class="descname">setAttributeNS</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>namespaceURI</em>, <em>qname</em>, <em>value</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Element.setAttributeNS" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Set an attribute value from a string, given a <em>namespaceURI</em> and a <em>qname</em>. Note that a qname is the whole attribute name. This is different than above.</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="attr-objects"> <span id="dom-attr-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.7. Attr Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#attr-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Attr</span></code> inherits from <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code>, so inherits all its attributes.</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Attr.name"> <code class="descclassname">Attr.</code><code class="descname">name</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Attr.name" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The attribute name. In a namespace-using document it may include a colon.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Attr.localName"> <code class="descclassname">Attr.</code><code class="descname">localName</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Attr.localName" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The part of the name following the colon if there is one, else the entire name. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Attr.prefix"> <code class="descclassname">Attr.</code><code class="descname">prefix</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Attr.prefix" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The part of the name preceding the colon if there is one, else the empty string.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Attr.value"> <code class="descclassname">Attr.</code><code class="descname">value</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Attr.value" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The text value of the attribute. This is a synonym for the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nodeValue</span></code> attribute.</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="namednodemap-objects"> <span id="dom-attributelist-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.8. NamedNodeMap Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#namednodemap-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamedNodeMap</span></code> does <em>not</em> inherit from <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code>.</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.NamedNodeMap.length"> <code class="descclassname">NamedNodeMap.</code><code class="descname">length</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NamedNodeMap.length" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The length of the attribute list.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="method"> <dt id="xml.dom.NamedNodeMap.item"> <code class="descclassname">NamedNodeMap.</code><code class="descname">item</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>index</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NamedNodeMap.item" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Return an attribute with a particular index. The order you get the attributes in is arbitrary but will be consistent for the life of a DOM. Each item is an attribute node. Get its value with the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">value</span></code> attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <p>There are also experimental methods that give this class more mapping behavior. You can use them or you can use the standardized <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getAttribute*()</span></code> family of methods on the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> objects.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="comment-objects"> <span id="dom-comment-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.9. Comment Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#comment-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Comment</span></code> represents a comment in the XML document. It is a subclass of <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code>, but cannot have child nodes.</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Comment.data"> <code class="descclassname">Comment.</code><code class="descname">data</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Comment.data" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The content of the comment as a string. The attribute contains all characters between the leading <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre"><!-</span></code><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code> and trailing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-</span></code><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-></span></code>, but does not include them.</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="text-and-cdatasection-objects"> <span id="dom-text-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.10. Text and CDATASection Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#text-and-cdatasection-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>The <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Text</span></code> interface represents text in the XML document. If the parser and DOM implementation support the DOM’s XML extension, portions of the text enclosed in CDATA marked sections are stored in <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CDATASection</span></code> objects. These two interfaces are identical, but provide different values for the <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">nodeType</span></code> attribute.</p> <p>These interfaces extend the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> interface. They cannot have child nodes.</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.Text.data"> <code class="descclassname">Text.</code><code class="descname">data</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.Text.data" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The content of the text node as a string.</p> </dd></dl> <div class="admonition note"> <p class="first admonition-title">Note</p> <p class="last">The use of a <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CDATASection</span></code> node does not indicate that the node represents a complete CDATA marked section, only that the content of the node was part of a CDATA section. A single CDATA section may be represented by more than one node in the document tree. There is no way to determine whether two adjacent <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">CDATASection</span></code> nodes represent different CDATA marked sections.</p> </div> </div> <div class="section" id="processinginstruction-objects"> <span id="dom-pi-objects"></span><h3>19.8.2.11. ProcessingInstruction Objects<a class="headerlink" href="#processinginstruction-objects" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>Represents a processing instruction in the XML document; this inherits from the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Node</span></code> interface and cannot have child nodes.</p> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.ProcessingInstruction.target"> <code class="descclassname">ProcessingInstruction.</code><code class="descname">target</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.ProcessingInstruction.target" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The content of the processing instruction up to the first whitespace character. This is a read-only attribute.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="attribute"> <dt id="xml.dom.ProcessingInstruction.data"> <code class="descclassname">ProcessingInstruction.</code><code class="descname">data</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.ProcessingInstruction.data" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>The content of the processing instruction following the first whitespace character.</p> </dd></dl> </div> <div class="section" id="exceptions"> <span id="dom-exceptions"></span><h3>19.8.2.12. Exceptions<a class="headerlink" href="#exceptions" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <div class="versionadded"> <p><span class="versionmodified">New in version 2.1.</span></p> </div> <p>The DOM Level 2 recommendation defines a single exception, <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.DOMException" title="xml.dom.DOMException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMException</span></code></a>, and a number of constants that allow applications to determine what sort of error occurred. <a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.DOMException" title="xml.dom.DOMException"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMException</span></code></a> instances carry a <a class="reference internal" href="code.html#module-code" title="code: Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops."><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">code</span></code></a> attribute that provides the appropriate value for the specific exception.</p> <p>The Python DOM interface provides the constants, but also expands the set of exceptions so that a specific exception exists for each of the exception codes defined by the DOM. The implementations must raise the appropriate specific exception, each of which carries the appropriate value for the <a class="reference internal" href="code.html#module-code" title="code: Facilities to implement read-eval-print loops."><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">code</span></code></a> attribute.</p> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.DOMException"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">DOMException</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DOMException" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Base exception class used for all specific DOM exceptions. This exception class cannot be directly instantiated.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.DomstringSizeErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">DomstringSizeErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.DomstringSizeErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when a specified range of text does not fit into a string. This is not known to be used in the Python DOM implementations, but may be received from DOM implementations not written in Python.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.HierarchyRequestErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">HierarchyRequestErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.HierarchyRequestErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when an attempt is made to insert a node where the node type is not allowed.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.IndexSizeErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">IndexSizeErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.IndexSizeErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when an index or size parameter to a method is negative or exceeds the allowed values.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.InuseAttributeErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">InuseAttributeErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.InuseAttributeErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when an attempt is made to insert an <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Attr</span></code> node that is already present elsewhere in the document.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.InvalidAccessErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">InvalidAccessErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.InvalidAccessErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised if a parameter or an operation is not supported on the underlying object.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.InvalidCharacterErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">InvalidCharacterErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.InvalidCharacterErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This exception is raised when a string parameter contains a character that is not permitted in the context it’s being used in by the XML 1.0 recommendation. For example, attempting to create an <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Element</span></code> node with a space in the element type name will cause this error to be raised.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.InvalidModificationErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">InvalidModificationErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.InvalidModificationErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when an attempt is made to modify the type of a node.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.InvalidStateErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">InvalidStateErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.InvalidStateErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when an attempt is made to use an object that is not defined or is no longer usable.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.NamespaceErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">NamespaceErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NamespaceErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>If an attempt is made to change any object in a way that is not permitted with regard to the <a class="reference external" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml-names/">Namespaces in XML</a> recommendation, this exception is raised.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.NotFoundErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">NotFoundErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NotFoundErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Exception when a node does not exist in the referenced context. For example, <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamedNodeMap.removeNamedItem()</span></code> will raise this if the node passed in does not exist in the map.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.NotSupportedErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">NotSupportedErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NotSupportedErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when the implementation does not support the requested type of object or operation.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.NoDataAllowedErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">NoDataAllowedErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NoDataAllowedErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>This is raised if data is specified for a node which does not support data.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.NoModificationAllowedErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">NoModificationAllowedErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.NoModificationAllowedErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised on attempts to modify an object where modifications are not allowed (such as for read-only nodes).</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.SyntaxErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">SyntaxErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.SyntaxErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when an invalid or illegal string is specified.</p> </dd></dl> <dl class="exception"> <dt id="xml.dom.WrongDocumentErr"> <em class="property">exception </em><code class="descclassname">xml.dom.</code><code class="descname">WrongDocumentErr</code><a class="headerlink" href="#xml.dom.WrongDocumentErr" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt> <dd><p>Raised when a node is inserted in a different document than it currently belongs to, and the implementation does not support migrating the node from one document to the other.</p> </dd></dl> <p>The exception codes defined in the DOM recommendation map to the exceptions described above according to this table:</p> <table border="1" class="docutils"> <colgroup> <col width="54%" /> <col width="46%" /> </colgroup> <thead valign="bottom"> <tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">Constant</th> <th class="head">Exception</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMSTRING_SIZE_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.DomstringSizeErr" title="xml.dom.DomstringSizeErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DomstringSizeErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HIERARCHY_REQUEST_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.HierarchyRequestErr" title="xml.dom.HierarchyRequestErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">HierarchyRequestErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INDEX_SIZE_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.IndexSizeErr" title="xml.dom.IndexSizeErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IndexSizeErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INUSE_ATTRIBUTE_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.InuseAttributeErr" title="xml.dom.InuseAttributeErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">InuseAttributeErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INVALID_ACCESS_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.InvalidAccessErr" title="xml.dom.InvalidAccessErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">InvalidAccessErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INVALID_CHARACTER_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.InvalidCharacterErr" title="xml.dom.InvalidCharacterErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">InvalidCharacterErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INVALID_MODIFICATION_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.InvalidModificationErr" title="xml.dom.InvalidModificationErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">InvalidModificationErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">INVALID_STATE_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.InvalidStateErr" title="xml.dom.InvalidStateErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">InvalidStateErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NAMESPACE_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.NamespaceErr" title="xml.dom.NamespaceErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NamespaceErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NOT_FOUND_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.NotFoundErr" title="xml.dom.NotFoundErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotFoundErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NOT_SUPPORTED_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.NotSupportedErr" title="xml.dom.NotSupportedErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NotSupportedErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NO_DATA_ALLOWED_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.NoDataAllowedErr" title="xml.dom.NoDataAllowedErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NoDataAllowedErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NO_MODIFICATION_ALLOWED_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.NoModificationAllowedErr" title="xml.dom.NoModificationAllowedErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">NoModificationAllowedErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SYNTAX_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.SyntaxErr" title="xml.dom.SyntaxErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">SyntaxErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="xref py py-const docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WRONG_DOCUMENT_ERR</span></code></td> <td><a class="reference internal" href="#xml.dom.WrongDocumentErr" title="xml.dom.WrongDocumentErr"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WrongDocumentErr</span></code></a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> <div class="section" id="conformance"> <span id="dom-conformance"></span><h2>19.8.3. Conformance<a class="headerlink" href="#conformance" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2> <p>This section describes the conformance requirements and relationships between the Python DOM API, the W3C DOM recommendations, and the OMG IDL mapping for Python.</p> <div class="section" id="type-mapping"> <span id="dom-type-mapping"></span><h3>19.8.3.1. Type Mapping<a class="headerlink" href="#type-mapping" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>The primitive IDL types used in the DOM specification are mapped to Python types according to the following table.</p> <table border="1" class="docutils"> <colgroup> <col width="30%" /> <col width="70%" /> </colgroup> <thead valign="bottom"> <tr class="row-odd"><th class="head">IDL Type</th> <th class="head">Python Type</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody valign="top"> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">boolean</span></code></td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IntegerType</span></code> (with a value of <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">0</span></code> or <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">1</span></code>)</td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">int</span></code></td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IntegerType</span></code></td> </tr> <tr class="row-even"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">long</span> <span class="pre">int</span></code></td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IntegerType</span></code></td> </tr> <tr class="row-odd"><td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unsigned</span> <span class="pre">int</span></code></td> <td><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">IntegerType</span></code></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Additionally, the <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">DOMString</span></code> defined in the recommendation is mapped to a Python string or Unicode string. Applications should be able to handle Unicode whenever a string is returned from the DOM.</p> <p>The IDL <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">null</span></code> value is mapped to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>, which may be accepted or provided by the implementation whenever <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">null</span></code> is allowed by the API.</p> </div> <div class="section" id="accessor-methods"> <span id="dom-accessor-methods"></span><h3>19.8.3.2. Accessor Methods<a class="headerlink" href="#accessor-methods" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3> <p>The mapping from OMG IDL to Python defines accessor functions for IDL <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">attribute</span></code> declarations in much the way the Java mapping does. Mapping the IDL declarations</p> <div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">readonly</span> <span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="n">string</span> <span class="n">someValue</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="n">attribute</span> <span class="n">string</span> <span class="n">anotherValue</span><span class="p">;</span> </pre></div> </div> <p>yields three accessor functions: a “get” method for <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">someValue</span></code> (<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_get_someValue()</span></code>), and “get” and “set” methods for <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">anotherValue</span></code> (<code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_get_anotherValue()</span></code> and <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">_set_anotherValue()</span></code>). The mapping, in particular, does not require that the IDL attributes are accessible as normal Python attributes: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">object.someValue</span></code> is <em>not</em> required to work, and may raise an <a class="reference internal" href="exceptions.html#exceptions.AttributeError" title="exceptions.AttributeError"><code class="xref py py-exc docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">AttributeError</span></code></a>.</p> <p>The Python DOM API, however, <em>does</em> require that normal attribute access work. This means that the typical surrogates generated by Python IDL compilers are not likely to work, and wrapper objects may be needed on the client if the DOM objects are accessed via CORBA. While this does require some additional consideration for CORBA DOM clients, the implementers with experience using DOM over CORBA from Python do not consider this a problem. Attributes that are declared <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readonly</span></code> may not restrict write access in all DOM implementations.</p> <p>In the Python DOM API, accessor functions are not required. If provided, they should take the form defined by the Python IDL mapping, but these methods are considered unnecessary since the attributes are accessible directly from Python. “Set” accessors should never be provided for <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readonly</span></code> attributes.</p> <p>The IDL definitions do not fully embody the requirements of the W3C DOM API, such as the notion of certain objects, such as the return value of <code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">getElementsByTagName()</span></code>, being “live”. The Python DOM API does not require implementations to enforce such requirements.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation"> <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper"> <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3> <ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#">19.8. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.dom</span></code> — The Document Object Model API</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#module-contents">19.8.1. Module Contents</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#objects-in-the-dom">19.8.2. Objects in the DOM</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#domimplementation-objects">19.8.2.1. DOMImplementation Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#node-objects">19.8.2.2. Node Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#nodelist-objects">19.8.2.3. NodeList Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#documenttype-objects">19.8.2.4. DocumentType Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#document-objects">19.8.2.5. Document Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#element-objects">19.8.2.6. Element Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#attr-objects">19.8.2.7. Attr Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#namednodemap-objects">19.8.2.8. NamedNodeMap Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#comment-objects">19.8.2.9. Comment Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#text-and-cdatasection-objects">19.8.2.10. Text and CDATASection Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#processinginstruction-objects">19.8.2.11. ProcessingInstruction Objects</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#exceptions">19.8.2.12. Exceptions</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#conformance">19.8.3. Conformance</a><ul> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#type-mapping">19.8.3.1. Type Mapping</a></li> <li><a class="reference internal" href="#accessor-methods">19.8.3.2. Accessor Methods</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <h4>Previous topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="xml.etree.elementtree.html" title="previous chapter">19.7. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.etree.ElementTree</span></code> — The ElementTree XML API</a></p> <h4>Next topic</h4> <p class="topless"><a href="xml.dom.minidom.html" title="next chapter">19.9. <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">xml.dom.minidom</span></code> — Minimal DOM implementation</a></p> <div role="note" aria-label="source link"> <h3>This Page</h3> <ul class="this-page-menu"> <li><a href="../_sources/library/xml.dom.rst.txt" rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search"> <h3>Quick search</h3> <div class="searchformwrapper"> <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get"> <input type="text" name="q" /> <input type="submit" value="Go" /> <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" /> <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" /> </form> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> </div> <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation"> <h3>Navigation</h3> <ul> <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px"> <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index" >index</a></li> <li class="right" > <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index" >modules</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="xml.dom.minidom.html" title="19.9. xml.dom.minidom — Minimal DOM implementation" >next</a> |</li> <li class="right" > <a href="xml.etree.elementtree.html" title="19.7. xml.etree.ElementTree — The ElementTree XML API" >previous</a> |</li> <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt="" style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li> <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> »</li> <li> <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.16 documentation</a> » </li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Standard Library</a> »</li> <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="markup.html" >19. 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